What Is Plastering | Plastering Calculation | How To Calculate The Cement Sand Quantity For Plastering

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What Is Plastering?

Plastering is a method of applying a thin coat or covering of cement mortar on the surface of the brick masonry wall or concrete wall which is a mixture of lime or cement concrete and sand along with the required quantity of water.

Requirement of Good Plaster

It must stick to wall and should remain adhered during all climatic changes.
It must be cheap and economical.
It must be hard and durable.
It must provide easy to apply it during all weather conditions.
It should prevent or restrict the entry or penetration of moisture from the surfaces.
It must offer good workability.

Plastering Ratio

The following table shows the plastering ratio with cement and sand quantity,

Area (Sqm)	Plaster thickness (mm)	Mix Ratio of Mortar	Cement (in Kgs)	Sand (In cft)	Water (in Kgs)
10 Sqm	12 mm	1:3	49.37	3.77	44
10 Sqm	12 mm	1:4	39.29	3.99	44
10 Sqm	12 mm	1:5	32.54	4.14	44
10 Sqm	12 mm	1:6	27.80	4.24	44

Plastering Ratio

Wastage of mortar is not considered in the calculation. You can consider a wastage factor of 5% to the above calculation.

Plastering Calculation

Calculating plastering quantity is a too difficult task. You just need to follow some simple steps to calculate plastering quantity.

Plastering quantity includes the quantity of cement and sand required and the amount of water to be added to the mortar mix.

How to Calculate the Cement Sand Quantity for Plastering

Lets take one example,

Example: Suppose there is wall having following dimensions,

Plastering Process — What Is Plastering | Plastering Calculation | How to Calculate the Cement Sand Quantity for Plastering | Plastering Ratio 7

Length of wall = 10m

Height of wall = 3m

Area of Plastering Work = 10m x 3m = 30 m²

Plastering Thickness = 15 mm (0.015m)

Ratio of Cement : Sand = 1:4

Solution:

First we calculate wet volume of plaster and then we will convert that in dry volume.

Wet Volume Plaster = Length of wall x Height of wall x Thickness of Plaster

= 10m x 3m x 0.015m

= 0.45m³

For, filling up joints and for uneven surface, 30 % more mortar is required.

Volume of wet mortar = 0.45 + (0.45 x (30/100))

= 0.45 + 0.135

= 0.585 m³

Now, to find out the dry volume of mortar, add extra 25% of wet volume.

Volume of dry mortar = 0.585 + (0.585 x (25/100))

= 0.73 m³

Proportion = 1:4 = 1+4 = 5

Material Calculations:

Cement = (1/5) x 0.73 = 0.146 m³

Now, we know that cement 50 kg bag has volume of 0.035 m³.

By using above relation, we will find out number of bags from volume of cement.

Nos. of cement bags = 0.146 m³/ 0.035 m³ = 4.17 bags.

Sand = (4/5) x 0.73 = 0.584 m³

Cost Calculations:

Cement current market price on an average 300rs per bag.

Cost of cement =4.17 x 300 = Rs. 1251

Sand current market price Rs. 55 Per cubic meter.

Cost of Sand = 0.584 x 55 = Rs. 32.12

Brick Wall Plastering Process

Following steps are involves in plastering process,

1. Preparation for Surface

In the Plastering process First check the brick wall surface and clean it from dust, oil mortar dropping, sticking of foreign matter, etc.
Brick masonry or concrete joint shall be raked out at least 10 mm deep. These enlarged gaps shall be sealed by cement mortar mix with a chemical in the proportion of 2:5:15 (2 parts chemical + 5 part cement + 15 part sand) and metal. Also, properly seal the holes made in concrete for the sleeves, etc.
Remove or cut down any projection or irregularities in the plumb line shall be corrected by chipping or leveling coat with the bonding agent.
Increase moisture in the surface by applying water before the application of the bonding agent.

2. Preparation of Mortar

Mortar Preparation for Plastering — What Is Plastering | Plastering Calculation | How to Calculate the Cement Sand Quantity for Plastering | Plastering Ratio 9

Now, mix cement and sand taking required proportion like 1:4 (Cement: sand). Add a sufficient amount of quality of water is added for getting a cohesive mortar. Mixing of materials can be done manually or by using machine mixing.

Particulars Bond	Bond Coat	First Coat 8-10 mm	Second Coat 10-12 mm
CEMENT	1 Part	Part (1 Bag of 50 kg)	Part (1 Bag of 50 kg)
Sand	Nil	4 Part (4 x 0.035 = 0.14 m3)	4 Part (4 x 0.035 = 0.14 m3)
Water	Nil	As required	As required

3. Plastering Process

Now, actual plastering process is start.

Seal Joint: Rack the joints between RCC members and masonry out at least 10mm deep. Seal this crack with cement mortar mix with a chemical in proportion 2:5:15 (2 parts chemical + 5 parts PP cement + 15 parts sand) and metal.
After that mark the levelling dots @ 1-meter centre to centre both ways in plumb and line on the surface. References shall be taken from the topmost point of the building irrespective of the location of the actual plaster.
Before starting plastering on the surface apply cement slurry mixed in 0.5 cement and 1 water proportion by a stirrer to obtain a lump-free consistent slurry. This cement slurry is applied on the surface by using a brush or spray pump as a Bonding coat.
Take slurry shall be applied on limited are where mason can reach within 10 to 20 minutes. (i.e. before setting off the Bond Coat).

Plastering Brick Wall Process — What Is Plastering | Plastering Calculation | How to Calculate the Cement Sand Quantity for Plastering | Plastering Ratio 10

The well-mixed cement mortar first coat (8 – 10 mm thick) shall be applied to the surface within 10 – 20 minutes after applying a bonding coat before it sets or dries. Applied mortar shall be properly leveled by using wooden floats, Aluminium hollow sections, etc. A rough finish is done.
Proper curing is done by a sprinkling water manually after the first coat is applied.
Apply a second coat on the next day having 10 – 12 mm thickness. Properly level and finish it with wooden floats, Aluminium hollow section, etc. Elevation design shall be properly marked and made properly in line, level, and depth uniformly. Mark the Window moldings and finish it well. Clean all finished grooves, cornices thoroughly from all deposits.
At the end of the day mark the finished plaster level and show the proper cut line. Clean all mortar lying on the surface at the end of day work.
After the Plastering process work is done, it shall be cured by applying or sprinkling water on the surface for at least 14 days.

Quality Control Plan for External Plastering Process

1) Washed Sand

a) Slit Content, b) Bulkage, c) Gradation.

2) Cement

a) Cement Manufacture testing reports, b) Outside test as per approved frequency.

3) Admixture

a) Manufacture test report.

Additional Precautions in Plastering Process

After plastering work over clean window corners and proper finishing.
Prepare moulds for windows, dry balcony drops.
Give sufficient slopes on window niches.
Provide water spouts for decks, dry balconies, etc.
The clean top surface of cornices and proper rounding in corners.
Clean all left-out mortar inside the rooms, walls, and floors of the mortar.

It is essential to follow proper method of plastering process for good quality plaster work.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, plastering is a vital process in construction which involves applying a smooth and durable layer of plaster onto ceiling, walls, and other surface of buildings. It gives the protection against weathering action and also enhance the aesthetic of a building.

To achieve the desired quality of plastering, it is important to calculate the correct quantities of sand and cement required for the plastering mix, the plastering ratio which determines the proportions of cement and sand in the mix, plays a crucial role in achieving the desired strength and consistency of the plaster.

Calculating the quantity of cement and quantity of sand for plastering involves understanding the plastering ratio and following a systematic approach, by determining the area to be plastered and the desired thickness of the plaster, one can calculate the volume of plaster required, with the plastering ratio in mind the quantities of cement and sand can be determined accordingly.

Accurate the calculation of quantities of cement and quantity of sand for plastering ensures the cost effectiveness, minimizes wastage and helps to maintain consistent quality throughout the project, it is essential to consider factors such as the types of surface, purpose of the plastering and climatic condition when determining the materials and ratio of plastering.

In summary, understanding the plastering calculation, and how to calculate the quantity of sand and quantity of cement for plastering is essential for achieving a successful and long-lasting plastering job.

FAQs:

What is plastering?

Plastering refers to the process of applying a thin layer of mortar mixture, typically made of cement, sand, and water, to the surfaces of walls and ceilings. It is done to create a smooth and even finish, enhance the appearance, and provide a protective coating.

What is plastering calculation?

Plastering calculation involves determining the quantity of materials, such as cement and sand, required for a specific plastering project. It helps estimate the amount of materials needed, ensuring cost-effectiveness and minimizing wastage.

What is the plastering ratio?

The plastering ratio refers to the proportion of cement and sand in the plastering mixture. For example, a common ratio is 1:6, which means one part cement and six parts sand. The ratio may vary depending on factors such as the type of surface, desired finish, and project specifications.

Can I use different types of sand for plastering?

Different types of sand, such as river sand or crushed sand, can be used for plastering. However, it is important to ensure that the sand is clean, free from impurities, and of suitable gradation to achieve proper workability and adhesion in the plaster mixture.

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