Introduction of Steel for House Construction
Steel is an essential material for the construction of residential and commercial buildings in India. It is widely used as a structural material due to its high strength, durability, and versatility.
Choosing the best steel for house construction in India is crucial to ensure the safety and stability of the building.
With the plethora of steel options available in the market, it can be challenging to determine the most suitable type of steel for your construction project.
This article aims to provide an overview of the best steel options available for house construction in India and factors to consider when selecting the right steel for your building project.
10 Best Steel Brands for House Construction in India
1. Shyam Steel Industries Ltd.
Shyam Steel Industries Ltd. was established in 1953, and since then producing quality steel to become one of the leading TMT Bar Producers in India. It is also a lead manufacturer of TMT Rebar, Billets, and Sponge Iron.
Shri Ram Beriwal is the founder of Shyam Steel under whom the company has established itself as one of the leading TMT Bar manufacturers in the country hence building a legacy in the manufacturing industry in India. In 1953 he laid the foundation of Shyam Steel with a small factory in Howrah.
Its foundation was laid as a small factory in Howrah in 1953 by Shri Ram Beriwal who was later joined by his brother Shyam Sunder Beriwal.
Their leadership contribution enables the company to meet the stringent requirements with world-class technology, quality control, and complete professionalism, of its reputed customers both in India and abroad.
Completing over six decades in this profession, the company has become an INR 30 billion group, emerging as a large, growing, competitive, and multi-product steel organization. It has its plants in Kolkata and Durgapur.
Website: www.shyamsteel.com
Total Sales: Rs 3,000 Cr.
Total Capacity: 7,00,000 TPA
Established year: 1953
Headquarters: Kolkata, West Bengal.
2. JSW Steel Ltd.
JSW Steel is a leading supreme steel manufacturing company in India. JSW Steel has become the 2nd largest private sector steel company in India.
It is among the fastest-growing Steel companies in India with a global reach exceeding over 140 countries worldwide.
The JSW has a manufacturing capacity of steel is about 18 MnTPA. Its headquarter is located in Mumbai and manufacturing plants are situated in the cities of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra.
- Total Sales: Rs 84,050 Cr.
- Total Capacity: 18 MnTPA
3. Tata Steel Ltd.
Tata Steel Limited is a Tata Iron & Steel Company Limited which is an Indian multinational steel manufacturing company that is based in Jamshedpur.
Tata steel manufactures almost all types of steel and different grades used in construction industries.
It has a total manufacturing capacity of 34 MnTPA.
- Total Sales: Rs 1,60,769Cr.
- Total Capacity: 35 MnTPA.
4. Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)
Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) is the biggest steel producing company in India. It is one of the best steel manufacturing companies which produces a huge range of steel products.
SAIL produces steel at different plants which are located in the eastern and central regions of India. SAIL is owned and operated by the Government of India.
- Total Sales: Rs 57,496 Cr.
- Headquarters: New Delhi
5. Essar Steel
Essar Steel is one of the popular steel-producing companies and is known for its high-quality steel products.
It has developed about 300 grades of steel for various kinds of applications. Essar Steel is a major steel producer company in India. It has a steel production capacity of 10 million tons per year.
Essar manufactures products like steel plates, steel pipes, hot and cold rolled steel, etc. It has a total manufacturing capacity of steel is about 10 MnTPA.
Headquarters: Mumbai.
Total Capacity: 10 MnTPA.
6. Jindal Steel
Jindal Steel is one of the major manufacturers and power producers in India. The headquarter of Jindal Steel is located in New Delhi.
Jindal steel company produces an economical & strength efficient steel and power through backward and forward combination.
7. VISA Steel
In the year 2003 VISA Steel established Mr. Saran the founder of VISA Group. Currently, VISA Steel has a total of three steel manufacturing units located in different parts of India having a production capacity of more than a million metric tonnes.
VISA Steel estimates an annual turnover of about 145 billion and is ranked among the best TMT manufacturers in India. It is operated and owned by the VIS group of companies.
• Headquarters: Kolkata
8. SRMB Steel
SRMB Steel company is the best TMT bar producing brand in India. It is one of the best steel producers in India and all over Asia and is known for its high-quality products.
The SRMB has a steel production capacity of approximately 0.5 million MT per year.
It provides services to various clients like NHAI, Indian oil, Indian Railways, etc.
9. Electosteel
Electosteel is popularly known for its manufacturing of its Ductile Iron Pipes. It provides high-quality Thermo mechanically treated TMT bars.
The Electosteel group has established itself as an international brand that provides premium quality products.
Electosteel exports about 50% of its ductile pipes and fitting products to various countries like Europe, the USA, South America, etc.
Total Capacity: 3 MnTPA
Headquarter: Kolkata
10. Mesco Steel
It is one of the fastest-growing companies. Mesco steel is a metals and mining company. It offers different steel sections, plates, iron ore fines, and other products related to steelworks.
The production capacity has been estimated to be around 7,00,000 tons per year.
The headquarter of Mesco is situated in Bhubaneswar.
11. Kamdhenu Steel
Kamdhenu steel was founded in the year of 1995. Kamdhenu Steel is one of the biggest reinforcement bar manufacturing companies in India.
Kamdhenu steel has a different premium product with double rib bars, double strength, and safety which is suitable for buildings located in highly seismic zones.
The company is known for its best quality products in the construction Industry.
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List of 50 Steel Manufacturing Companies in the World
| Sr. No | Steel Manufacturing Company |
| 1 | ArcelorMittal |
| 2 | Shyam Steel Industries Ltd |
| 3 | China Baowu Group |
| 4 | Nippon Steel Corporation |
| 5 | HBIS Group |
| 6 | POSCO |
| 7 | Shagang Group |
| 8 | Shandong Steel Group |
| 9 | JFE Steel Corporation |
| 10 | Valin Group |
| 11 | Nucor Corporation |
| 12 | HYUNDAI Steel Company |
| 13 | IMIDRO |
| 14 | JSW Steel Limited Corporation |
| 15 | Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL) |
| 16 | Benxi Steel |
| 17 | Fangda Steel |
| 18 | Novolipetsk Steel (NLMK) |
| 19 | Baotou Iron & Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. |
| 20 | China Steel Corporation |
| 21 | Techint Group |
| 22 | Ansteel Group |
| 23 | Jianlong Group |
| 24 | Tata Steel Group |
| 25 | Shougang Group |
| 26 | Liuzhou Steel |
| 27 | Rizhao Steel |
| 28 | United States Steel Corporation |
| 29 | EVRAZ |
| 30 | CITIC Pacific |
| 31 | Gerdau S.A. |
| 32 | Jingye Steel |
| 33 | Magnitogorsk Iron & Steel Works (MMK) |
| 34 | Shaanxi Steel |
| 35 | Sanming Steel |
| 36 | ThyssenKrupp |
| 37 | Zenith Steel |
| 38 | Severstal |
| 39 | Tsingshan Stainless Steel |
| 40 | Nanjing Steel |
| 41 | Taiyuan Steel |
| 42 | Anyang Steel |
| 43 | Metinvest Holding LLC |
| 44 | Xinyu Steel |
| 45 | Donghai Special Steel |
| 46 | Jinxi Steel (also known as China Oriental) |
| 47 | ERDEMIR Group |
| 48 | Steel Dynamics, Inc. |
| 49 | Kunming Steel |
| 50 | SSAB |
Top 10 Steel Brands in World
| Sr. No | Steel Brand |
| 1 | ArcelorMittal |
| 2 | China Baowu Group |
| 3 | Nippon Steel Corporation |
| 4 | HBIS Group |
| 5 | POSCO |
| 6 | Shagang Group |
| 7 | Ansteel Group |
| 8 | Jianlong Group |
| 9 | Tata Steel Group |
| 10 | Shougang Group |
Top 10 Biggest Steel Companies in the World As Per Production
| Sr.No | Biggest Steel Company | MTPA |
| 1 | ArcelorMittal | 97.31 |
| 2 | China Baowu Group | 95.47 |
| 3 | Nippon Steel Corporation | 51.68 |
| 4 | HBIS Group | 46.56 |
| 5 | POSCO | 43.12 |
| 6 | Shagang Group | 41.1 |
| 7 | Ansteel Group | 39.2 |
| 8 | Jianlong Group | 31.19 |
| 9 | Tata Steel Group | 30.15 |
| 10 | Shougang Group | 29.34 |
Top 15+ Steel Companies in India As Per Location & Operator
| Sr. No | Name | Location | Operator |
| 1 | Shyam Steel Industries Ltd. | Kolkata, West Bengal | Shyam Steel |
| 2 | Jindal Steel and Power Limited | Raigarh, Chhattisgarh | Jindal Steel and Power |
| 3 | Jindal Steel and Power Limited | Angul, Odisha | Jindal Steel and Power |
| 4 | Tata Steel Limited | Jamshedpur, Jharkhand | Tata Steel |
| 5 | Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Plant | Bhadravati, Karnataka | SAIL |
| 6 | Tata Steel Limited | Kalinganagar, Odisha | Tata Steel |
| 7 | Durgapur Steel Plant | Durgapur, West Bengal | SAIL |
| 8 | Bhilai Steel Plant | Bhilai, Chhattisgarh | SAIL |
| 9 | Bokaro Steel Plant | Bokaro, Jharkhand | SAIL |
| 10 | Chandrapur Ferro Alloy Plant | Chandrapur, Maharashtra | SAIL |
| 11 | IISCO Steel Plant | Asansol, West Bengal | SAIL |
| 12 | Rourkela Steel Plant | Rourkela, Odisha | SAIL |
| 13 | Salem Steel Plant | Salem, Tamil Nadu | SAIL |
| 14 | Alloy Steel Plant | Durgapur, West Bengal | SAIL |
| 15 | Vizag Steel | Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh | SAIL |
| 16 | Essar Steel India Limited | Hazira, Gujarat | Essar Steel India Limited |
| 17 | JSW Steel | Hospet, Bellary, Karnataka | JSW Steel |
| 18 | JSW Steel | Tarapur, Boisar, Maharashtra | JSW Steel |
| 19 | JSW Steel | Dolvi, Dolvi, Maharashtra | JSW Steel |
Top 5+ Largest Steel Plant in India As Per Plant Capacity
| Sr.No. | Largest Steel Plant | Plant Capacity |
| 1 | Steel Authority of India Ltd | 21 MnTPA |
| 2 | Tata Steel Ltd | 19.4 MnTPA |
| 3 | JSW Steel Ltd | 18 MnTPA |
| 4 | Essar Steel India Ltd | 10 MnTPA |
| 5 | Jindal Steel & Power Ltd | 8.6 MnTPA |
| 6 | Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd. (RINL) | 7.3 MnTPA |
| 7 | Electrosteel Steel Ltd. | 7.3 MnTPA |
| 8 | Shyam Steel Industries Ltd. | 0.75 MnTPA |
Read More: Steel Price per Kg In India Today
Types of Steel Used in Construction
Having known the beneficial qualities of steel in building construction, it is also important to know the types of steel used in construction.
- Plain Carbon Steel or Mild Steel
- Rebar Steel
- Structural Steel
1. Plain Carbon Steel or Mild Steel
This is the most common type of steel used in building construction, which is known as mild steel. It is strong and durable and ensures the safety of construction buildings.
Carbon steel is steel that contains between 0.12% and 2.0% carbon and is the main constituent of mild steel.
Due to the strength of carbon steel, it is hugely useful in buildings construction & has proved to be of great advantage.it does not crack when bent, it is immensely flexible and ductile enough to resist loading.
Mild steel is the most common type of steel used in construction due to its low price and huge versatility and number of applications like malleable and ductile. It is often used when large quantities of steel are used.
2. Rebar Steel
More commonly known as reinforcing steel, this type of steel is used as a tension material for reinforced concrete or reinforced masonry structure.
It is produced by carbon steel, with circular ridges given to it for mechanical anchoring in a better way in the concrete.
It holds the concrete into compression, and it is available in various types of grades which are usually found in varying specifications as yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation percentage.
It provides resistance, durability, stiffness, and aesthetic resistance that other types of steel aren’t usually equipped in.
With its recyclable tendencies, rebar is proven to be very useful and it also has high great expansion potential and comes in various sizes depending on the country and construction. Rebar is the best steel for house construction in India.
3. Structural Steel
Structural steel is one type of alloy (metal) used for making construction materials. It is classified into different shapes, each with its compositional properties which make them ideal for certain uses in construction.
Structural steel comes in various shapes like I-Beam, L shape (angle), structural channel (C-beam), T-shapes, bar, rod, plate, etc. standard structural steel varies in different grades with countries & different specifications.
Structural steel is ductile, strong, durable, and it can be molded into almost any shape based on the construction; it can be constructed almost immediately the moment it is received at the site.
Structural steel gives resistance against heat/fire but fire protection should be provided in case there is a possibility of it getting heated up to a point where it starts to lose its strength.
Corrosion must be prevented when it comes to structural steel. Taking into consideration the rate of marvelous construction, steel has proved rather favorable than other materials. Structural steel also one of the best steel for house construction.
Read More: How to Calculate Steel Quantity For Slab
Different Grades of Steel and their Comparison
TMT and TMX are the two best steel for house construction.
- TMT Steel
- TMX Steel
TMT steel and TMX steel are the best for house construction. They are the latest generation of reinforcement steel, it has properties like high strength and more ductile than the ordinary type of steel.
They are graded as Fe415, Fe500, and Fe500D. i.e. Yield strength of 415, 500, and 500 N/mm2 and higher grade is also available.
1. TMT Steel
TMT steel is called ‘Thermo Mechanically Treated’ steel bars and are manufacturing using ‘TEMPACORE’ technology, which makes the bars stronger and ductile.
For residential construction the most widely used steel is TMT.
TMT steel has a 0.30 carbon percentage. The elongation percentage of the TMT bar is also less than the TMX bars. i.e.14.5%
One major property that highlights the TMX rod is its heat/fire resistance ability. Thermex bars also have higher elongation i.e. 16-23%
TMT Rod ribbing is responsible for the bond between steel and concrete which minimizes the chances of cracks occurring in the structures. TMT steel is one of the popular and best steel for house construction.
2. TMX Steel
TMX steel is also abbreviated as “Thermex” steel bar which is called ‘New Generation Bar’.
It is produced by using German ‘THERMAX’ technology with the help of state-of-the-art manufacturing processes that result in the production of superior-quality steel. TMX is also the most popular and best steel for house construction.
Thermex has a low carbon percentage i.e. 0.15%
Specification of TMT bar’s chemical composition (%)
As per IS-1786:2008
| Parameter | Fe-415 | Fe-500 | Fe-500D |
| Carbon (C) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.25 |
| Sulphur (S) | 0.060 | 0.055 | 0.040 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.060 | 0.055 | 0.040 |
| Sulphur + Phosphorus | 0.110 | 0.105 | 0.075 |
Comparison between TMT and TMX
The major difference between TMT and TMX steel is its manufacturing process. Generally, both these manufacturing processes made different types of steel & in comparison with their physical aspects, Thermex steel is of higher quality than TMT steel.
When compared with the TMT steel rods, Thermex rods have better ductility, weldability, and bendability properties.
Thus TMX bars provide better resistance over earthquakes and other natural hazards when compared with TMT steel bars.
There is one question that arises in your mind after reading the above information which is the best steel grade for construction?
Answers: Both are best for house construction, you can use any one of them. But use a higher grades of steel like Fe415 and Fe500 steel for house construction in India.
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Standard Specification of TMT Bars for Weights (Kg/m):
As per IS-1786:2008
| Size | Standard | Min | Max |
| 8 mm | 0.395 | 0.367 | 0.423 |
| 10 mm | 0.617 | 0.574 | 0.660 |
| 12 mm | 0.888 | 0.844 | 0.932 |
| 16 mm | 1.578 | 1.499 | 1.657 |
| 20 mm | 2.466 | 2.392 | 2.540 |
| 25 mm | 3.854 | 3.738 | 3.970 |
| 28 mm | 4.835 | 4.690 | 4.980 |
| 32 mm | 6.316 | 6.127 | 6.505 |
Mechanical properties of TMT bars:
IS specification for TMT bars
| Specification | Fe-415 | Fe-500 | Fe-500D |
| Yield Stress(N/mm2) | 415 | 500 | 500 |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength (N/mm2) | 485 | 545 | 565 |
| Elongation(%) | 14.5 | 12 | 16 |
| Total Elongation @ Max Force(%) | – | – | 5 |
| Ration (UTS/YS) | 1.16 | 1.09 | 1.13 |
Read More: 1000 sq ft House Construction Cost (10 lakh?)
FAQs:
Why is steel a popular choice for house construction?
Steel is a popular choice for house construction due to its strength, durability, and versatility. It offers structural integrity, resistance to pests and fire, and can be easily customized to meet specific design requirements.
What is structural steel (SS)?
Structural steel (SS) is a type of steel that is specifically designed for structural applications. It is commonly used in house construction for load-bearing components such as beams, columns, and trusses.
Why is reinforcing steel important in house construction?
Reinforcing steel, commonly in the form of rebars, is used to provide additional strength and stability to concrete structures. It is crucial in house construction to reinforce concrete foundations, slabs, and walls, ensuring structural integrity.
How is cold-formed steel used in house construction?
Cold-formed steel refers to steel sheets or strips that are formed at room temperature into various shapes and profiles. It is commonly used in house construction for framing, wall studs, and roof trusses due to its strength and lightweight nature.
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